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Item Information   Holdings       More by this author     Rogers, K. Todd     Subjects     Inflammation     Blood -- Circulation, Artificial -- Complications.     Cell interaction     Cardiopulmonary bypass -- Adverse effects     Extracorporeal Circulation     MSP Thesis.     Browse Catalog     by author:      Rogers, K. Todd       by title:      The effects of shear...         MARC Display

The effects of shear stress on neutrophil activation / by K. Todd Rogers. by Rogers, K. Todd Subjects Inflammation   Blood -- Circulation, Artificial -- Complications.   Cell interaction   Cardiopulmonary bypass -- Adverse effects   Extracorporeal Circulation   MSP Thesis. Description:  54 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm. Contents:  Advisor: Dr. Charles Tritt Committee members: Dr. Larry Fennigkoh, Dr. Ronald Gerrits Introduction -- Purpose -- Hypotheses -- Problem and objective -- Background -- Materials and methods -- Results -- Discussion -- Conclusions. Neutrophils play a significant role in the mediation of the systemic inflammatory response as a result of cardiac surgery involving the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Yet CPB itself has been shown to cause neutrophil activation. One of the reasons for the neutrophil activation may be the shear stress produced within an extracorporeal circuit. The use of vacuum assisted venous drainage (VAVD) can double shear stress levels during CPB. When VAVD is used in a CPB circuit, the greater shear stress produced could cause greater trauma to the neutrophils resulting in increased levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), a marker of neutrophil activation. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the effects of clinically significant shear stress levels that occur with the use of VAVD on the levels of MPO, a marker of neutrophil activation. This study consisted of 12 experimental trials in which human blood from three different donors was perfused through circuits under four different experimental conditions. The four treatment conditions were high hematocrit/high flow (HH), high hematocrit/low flow (HL), low hematocrit/high flow (LH), and low hematocrit/low flow (LL)). Each trial was run for 90 minutes. MPO levels were assessed initially and at the 45 minute, and 90 minute intervals. In all the trials, there was an increase in MPO level compared to the initial reading within the first 45 minutes. Time was the only independent variable found to have any statistical significant effect on the MPO level. Wall shear stress and wall shear rate did not correlate with MPO levels in this investigation. This is the first study that has attempted to examine neutrophil activation as measured by MPO levels at the clinically relevant shear stress levels observed during CPB with VAVD. Based on the results of this investigation, it is recommended that other alternatives be investigated that may play a role in the activation of neutrophils, as assessed by MPO levels, other than shear stress and shear rate.   Copy/Holding information Location Collection Call No. Status   Walter Schroeder Library Master's Theses AC805 .R645 2004 Available Add Copy to MyList Format: HTMLPlain textDelimited Subject:   Email to:

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